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A rapid expansion was seen from the mid 1940s. Number of Hindi movies released since 1930. At this time, lavish romantic musicals and melodramas were cinematic staples. However, colour did not become a popular feature until the late 1950s. The following year, he made a colour version of Mother India.
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Irani made the first Hindi colour film, Kisan Kanya, in 1937. Although most Bollywood films were unabashedly escapist, a number of filmmakers tackled tough social issues or used the struggle for Indian independence as a backdrop for their films. The 1930s and 1940s were tumultuous times India was buffeted by the Great Depression, World War II, the Indian independence movement, and the violence of the Partition. With a great demand for talkies and musicals, Bollywood and the other regional film industries quickly switched to sound films.Ĭhallenges and market expansion (1930s-1940s) The first Indian sound film, Ardeshir Irani's Alam Ara (1931), was commercially successful. By the 1930s, the industry was producing over 200 films per year. ĭadasaheb Phalke's silent Raja Harishchandra (1913) is the first feature film made in India. "Bollywood" has since inspired a long list of Hollywood-inspired nicknames.ĭadasaheb Phalke is considered the father of Indian cinema, including Bollywood. The term has been criticised by some film journalists and critics, who believe it implies that the industry is a poor cousin of Hollywood. It's unknown if it was derived from "Hollywood" through "Tollywood", or was inspired directly by "Hollywood". Other sources state that lyricist, filmmaker and scholar Amit Khanna was its creator. Her column entitled "On the Bollywood Beat" covered studio news and celebrity gossip. Film journalist Bevinda Collaco claims she coined the term for the title of her column in Screen magazine. "Bollywood" was probably invented in Bombay-based film trade journals in the 1960s or 1970s, though the exact inventor varies by account. Deming, an American engineer who helped produce the first Indian sound picture. It was used in a 1932 American Cinematographer article by Wilford E. The term "Tollywood", for the Tollygunge-based cinema of West Bengal, predated "Bollywood". "Bollywood" is a portmanteau derived from Bombay (the former name of Mumbai) and "Hollywood", a shorthand reference for the American film industry which is based in Hollywood, California.
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The term is a portmanteau of "Bombay" and " Hollywood".
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Hindi cinema, often known as Bollywood and formerly as Bombay cinema, is the Indian Hindi-language film industry based in Mumbai (formerly Bombay).